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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e251630, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448947

ABSTRACT

Este estudo qualitativo teve como objetivo compreender, a partir da teoria de bioecológica de desenvolvimento, as implicações da prática profissional no processo de acolhimento de crianças em uma casa-abrigo, na perspectiva de cuidadoras. As participantes foram 10 profissionais de uma casa-abrigo localizada na região sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e a organização e análise dos dados sustentou-se na Grounded Theory, com auxílio do software Atlas.ti 8.4.14. Os resultados evidenciaram uma centralização das ações de acolhimento e atenção em torno dos cuidados físicos das crianças. As ações para promover suporte e cuidados emocionais dentro da casa-abrigo eram delegadas às profissionais da equipe técnica da instituição. Observou-se que as dificuldades encontradas pelas cuidadoras diziam respeito à falta de segurança e preparação para responder e acolher as demandas emocionais das crianças, as quais estão presentes em diversos momentos do processo de acolhimento. Percebeu-se que as práticas institucionais afetaram decisivamente tanto as ações de acolhimento das participantes e o suporte emocional oferecido às crianças na passagem pela casa-abrigo quanto as cuidadoras, no sentido de vivenciarem no trabalho sentimentos de insegurança. Os resultados tensionam ecologicamente a interação nos processos proximais presentes no desenvolvimento humano. Advoga-se pela reflexão sobre as implicações das práticas institucionais de uma casa-abrigo e o desenvolvimento infantil, visando o cuidado integral dos acolhidos.(AU)


Based on the developmental bioecological theory, this study analyzes the implications of professional practice in children's user embracement at a shelter from the caregivers' perspective. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 professionals from a shelter located in southern Brazil. Data organization and analysis was performed based on Grounded Theory using the Atlas.ti 8.4.14 software. Results showed that embracement and attention focus on the physical care of children. Support and emotional care activities were delegated to the institution's technical team. Caregivers faced difficulties regarding the lack of security and preparation to respond to and accept the children's emotional demands, which arise at different moments in the embracement process. The institutional practices decisively affected both user embracement actions and the emotional support offered to the children, as well as the caregivers, in the sense of experiencing feelings of insecurity. These findings ecologically tension the interaction in the proximal processes present in human development. Further reflections on the implications of institutional shelter-based practices for child development are needed to provide comprehensive care.(AU)


Este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo comprender, desde la perspectiva de la teoría bioecológica del desarrollo, las implicaciones de la práctica profesional en el proceso de acogida de niños en una institución infantil desde la perspectiva de las cuidadoras. Las participantes fueron 10 profesionales de una institución de acogida infantil ubicada en la región Sur de Brasil. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada, y para la organización y análisis de datos se aplicó Grounded Theory, con el uso del software Atlas.ti 8.4.14. Los resultados mostraron que las acciones de recepción y atención se centran en el cuidado físico de los niños. Las acciones de promoción de apoyo y cuidado emocional dentro del alojamiento se asignaron a los profesionales del equipo técnico de la institución. Se observó que las dificultades encontradas por las cuidadoras estaban relacionadas con la falta de seguridad y preparación para responder y aceptar las demandas emocionales de los niños, las cuales se encuentran presentes en diferentes momentos del proceso de acogida. Se notó que las prácticas institucionales afectaron decisivamente tanto las acciones de acogida de las participantes como el apoyo emocional que la institución brinda a los niños durante su paso, así como a las cuidadoras en el sentido de experimentar sentimientos de inseguridad en el trabajo. Estos resultados tensan ecológicamente la interacción en los procesos proximales presentes en el desarrollo humano. Se aboga por reflexionar sobre las implicaciones de las prácticas institucionales en los alojamientos institucionales y el desarrollo infantil, apuntando a la atención integral de los acogidos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Professional Practice , Child , Caregivers , Ecology , User Embracement , Human Development , Pain , Parent-Child Relations , Paternal Behavior , Paternal Deprivation , Play and Playthings , Poverty , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Safety , Attention , Sibling Relations , Sleep , Social Adjustment , Social Change , Social Conditions , Social Environment , Social Justice , Social Problems , Social Support , Sociology , Sports , Violence , Battered Child Syndrome , Women , Child Labor , Adoption , Divorce , Family , Child, Abandoned , Child Abuse , Child Advocacy , Child Development , Child, Institutionalized , Child Rearing , Child, Unwanted , Child Welfare , Residence Characteristics , Family Characteristics , Health , Hygiene , Child of Impaired Parents , Liability, Legal , Hunger , Civil Disorders , Parenting , Interview , Domestic Violence , Cultural Diversity , Life , Crime Victims , Alcohol-Related Disorders , Affect , Culture , Personal Autonomy , Official Instructions , Defense Mechanisms , Adult Children , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Qualitative Research , Friends , Minors , Adolescent Development , Human Rights Abuses , Diet , Alcoholism , Empathy , Health of Institutionalized Children , Family Conflict , Family Relations , Drug Users , Chemically-Induced Disorders , Enslaved Persons , Grounded Theory , Grandparents , Psychological Trauma , Child, Adopted , Child, Foster , Freedom , Adverse Childhood Experiences , Family Separation , Psychological Distress , Right to Health , Emotional Abuse , Freedom of Religion , Social Interaction , Sociodemographic Factors , Social Vulnerability , Citizenship , Family Support , Household Work , Human Rights , Individuality , Institutionalization , Jealousy , Leisure Activities , Loneliness , Love , Malpractice , Maternal Deprivation , Mental Disorders , Motivation , Object Attachment
2.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e244243, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1431131

ABSTRACT

A Avaliação Terapêutica (AT) é um processo avaliativo e interventivo proposto para ser semiestruturado e colaborativo com o objetivo de promover mudanças positivas no cliente, que é convidado a ter uma participação ativa durante o processo. Na AT, os resultados dos testes psicológicos padronizados ganham destaque como facilitadores do processo de autoconhecimento do cliente. Desse modo, usualmente, integram-se os achados de testes psicológicos de autorrelato com os métodos projetivos para gerar informações que possam ampliar a visão que o cliente tem de si. Neste artigo, buscou-se compreender o potencial de uso dos testes psicológicos e da relação colaborativa a partir de um caso atendido na perspectiva da AT. A participante, Violeta (nome fictício), foi atendida em 10 sessões com duração entre 60 e 115 minutos. Foram utilizados os testes psicológicos Escala de Bem-Estar Psicológico (Ebep), Escala de Vulnerabilidade e Estresse no Trabalho (Event), Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (BFP), Método de Rorschach e Inventários de Habilidades Sociais 2 (IHS-2). Observou-se que, durante o processo, Violeta ampliou sua autopercepção, o que possibilitou mudanças no modo de agir em seus relacionamentos amorosos e na reflexão sobre como sua postura era vista por si e por seus colegas de trabalho. Acredita-se que a AT cumpriu com o objetivo de estabelecer uma experiência terapêutica que possibilitasse mudanças positivas para a cliente. Este estudo de caso contribuiu para ampliar a compreensão sobre a importância e o uso dos testes psicológicos neste modelo de avaliação psicológica.(AU)


The Therapeutic Assessment (TA) is an evaluative and interventional process proposed to be semi-structured and collaborative with the objective of promoting positive changes in the client, who is invited to have an active participation during the process. At the TA, the results of standardized psychological tests are highlighted as facilitators of the client's self-knowledge process. In this way, the findings of psychological self-report tests are usually integrated with projective methods to generate information that can broaden the client's view of themselves. In this article, understanding the potential use of psychological tests and of the collaborative relationship from a case treated from the TA perspective was sought. The participant, Violet (fictitious name), was assisted in 10 sessions lasting between 60 and 115 minutes. The psychological tests Psychological Well-Being Scale (EBEP), Vulnerability and Stress at Work Scale (EVENT), Personality Factorial Battery (BFP), Rorschach Method and Social Skills Inventories 2 (IHS-2) were used. It was observed that, during the process, Violet increased her self-perception, which allowed changes in her way of acting in her love life and in her reflection on how her posture was seen by herself and herco-workers. It is believed that TA fulfilled the objective of establishing a therapeutic experience that would enable positive changes for the client. This case study contributed to broaden the understanding about the importance and use of psychological testing in this psychological assessment model.(AU)


La Evaluación Terapéutica (ET) es un proceso de evaluación e intervención que se propone ser semiestructurado y colaborativo, con el objetivo de lograr cambios positivos en el cliente, quien es invitado a tener participación activa durante el proceso. En la ET se destacan los resultados de las pruebas psicológicas estandarizadas como facilitadoras del proceso de autoconocimiento del cliente. Los hallazgos de las pruebas psicológicas de autoinforme suelen integrarse con métodos proyectivos para generar información que pueda ampliar la visión que el cliente tiene de sí mismo. En este artículo se buscó comprender el uso potencial de las pruebas psicológicas y de la relación colaborativa a partir de un estudio de caso tratado desde la perspectiva de la ET. Atendieron a la participante Violeta (nombre ficticio), en 10 sesiones que duraron entre 60 y 115 minutos. Se utilizaron las pruebas psicológicas Escala de Bienestar Psicológico (EBEP), Escala de Vulnerabilidad y Estrés en el Trabajo (EVENT), Batería de Factorial de la Personalidad (BFP), Método de Rorschach e Inventario de Habilidades Sociales 2 (IHS-dos). Se observó que, durante el proceso, Violeta amplió su autopercepción, lo que permitió cambios en la forma de actuar en sus relaciones amorosas y en el reflejo de como ella y sus compañeros de trabajo veían su postura. Así, se cree que ET ha cumplido el objetivo de establecer una experiencia terapéutica que permitió cambios positivos a la cliente. Este estudio contribuyó a ampliar la comprensión sobre la importancia y el uso de las pruebas psicológicas en este modelo de evaluación psicológica.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Therapeutics , Psychological Techniques , Psychological Distress , Anxiety Disorders , Projection , Psychoanalysis , Psychological Tests , Psychology , Psychotherapy , Rabies , Rorschach Test , Shame , Social Adjustment , Social Behavior , Social Environment , Social Identification , Social Isolation , Social Support , Socialization , Avoidance Learning , Sublimation, Psychological , Temperance , Thinking , Unconscious, Psychology , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Behaviorism , Shyness , Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude , Mental Health , Efficacy , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Negotiating , Mental Competency , Codependency, Psychological , Communication , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Counseling , Affect , Disaster Vulnerability , Personal Autonomy , Defense Mechanisms , Behavior Control , Harm Reduction , Researcher-Subject Relations , Trust , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Aggression , Dependency, Psychological , Depression , Diagnosis , Emotions , Escape Reaction , Exercise Therapy , Extraversion, Psychological , Fantasy , Resilience, Psychological , Fear , Video-Audio Media , Self-Control , Psychological Trauma , Psychosocial Support Systems , Occupational Stress , Neuroticism , Free Association , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Leadership and Governance Capacity , Betrayal , Patient Care , Psychosocial Functioning , Psychosocial Intervention , Social Interaction , Information Avoidance , Listening Effort , Gestalt Therapy , Psychological Well-Being , Helping Behavior , Human Development , Identification, Psychological , Identity Crisis , Individuation , Interpersonal Relations , Interview, Psychological , Introversion, Psychological , Leadership , Loneliness , Mental Disorders , Mental Processes , Motivation , Negativism , Neurotic Disorders
3.
Cogitare Enferm. (Online) ; 28: e87475, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1439951

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Objetivo: identificar o estresse nos idosos que vivem na cidade de Lima e sua associação com fatores demográficos, infodemias, a presença de sintomas físicos e psicológicos e o uso de substâncias ilícitas no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal e analítico através da pesquisa baseada na web com 384 idosos da cidade de Lima - Peru, entre abril e agosto de 2021. Os instrumentos de perfil demográfico, Escala de Estresse Percebido e sintomas autorrelatados foram utilizados para o estudo. A regressão logística múltipla foi utilizada, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: 62% eram mulheres, e a idade variou entre 60 e 95 anos, com uma média de 70,5 anos. A média de estresse foi de 26,8 pontos. O estresse estava associado ao medo da morte de parentes e à preocupação com os idosos. Conclusões: é importante para profissionais de saúde treinados para identificar mudanças de humor nos idosos e criar planos de cuidados individualizados.


ABSTRACT Objective: To identify stress in the elderly living in the city of Lima and its association with demographic factors, infodemics, the presence of physical and psychological symptoms, and the use of illicit substances in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Quantitative, transversal, and analytical study through the web-based survey with 384 elderly from the city of Lima - Peru between April and August 2021. The instruments of demographic profile, Perceived Stress Scale, and self-reported symptoms were used for the study. The Multiple logistic regression was used, considering the significance level of 5%. Results: 62% were women, and the age ranged between 60 and 95 years with a mean of 70.5. The stress average was 26.8 points. Stress was associated with fear of relatives dying and concern for the elderly. Conclusions: it is important for health professionals trained to identify changes in mood in the elderly and to create individualized care plans.


RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar el estrés en ancianos residentes en la ciudad de Lima y su asociación con factores demográficos, infodemias, presencia de síntomas físicos y psicológicos y consumo de sustancias ilícitas en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal y analítico mediante encuesta vía web a 384 adultos mayores de la ciudad de Lima - Peru, entre abril y agosto del 2021. Para el estudio se utilizaron los instrumentos de perfil demográfico, Escala de Estrés Percibido y síntomas auto reportados. Se utilizó regresión logística múltiple, considerando el nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: el 62% eran mujeres, y la edad oscilaba entre 60 y 95 años, con una media de 70,5 años. La puntuación media de estrés fue de 26,8 puntos. El estrés se asoció con el miedo a la muerte de familiares y la preocupación por los ancianos. Conclusiones: es importante que los profesionales sanitarios formados identifiquen los cambios de humor en los ancianos y creen planes de atención individualizados.


Subject(s)
Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Information Dissemination
4.
Ter. psicol ; 40(2): 257-278, jul. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1410238

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Antecedentes: Los eventos altamente estresantes pueden tener efectos nocivos en el bienestar y salud mental en las personas. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de un protocolo de intervención preventiva basado en la Terapia Sistémica Breve orientado a personas que vivenciaron de manera reciente un evento altamente estresante. Método: Participaron 75 personas, 39 conformaron el grupo experimental y 36 el grupo control. Para el análisis de los datos se siguió un diseño cuantitativo con dos grupos (experimental y control) y con dos puntos temporales (pre y post-intervención). Al grupo experimental se añadió un seguimiento a los seis meses. El protocolo estuvo estructurado en cuatro sesiones y apuntaba a incidir sobre los síntomas postraumáticos, el crecimiento postraumático, la respuesta rumiativa y las estrategias de afrontamiento. Resultados: Se observó un aumento del crecimiento postraumático, de la rumiación deliberada, del afrontamiento centrado en el problema y de la reinterpretación positiva en el grupo experimental. En cambio, solo hubo una tendencia no significativa en la reducción de la sintomatología postraumática y en la búsqueda de apoyo social. Conclusiones: Estos resultados contribuyen al desarrollo de la Terapia Sistémica Breve y apoyan su utilidad en la intervención preventiva con personas expuestas a un evento altamente estresante.


Abstract: Background: Highly stressful events can have harmful effects on people's well-being and mental health. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a preventive intervention protocol based on Brief Systemic Therapy oriented to people who recently experienced a highly stressful event. Method: Seventy-five people participated, 39 were in the experimental group and 36 in the control group. A quantitative design with two groups (experimental and control) and two time points (pre- and post-intervention) was used for data analysis. A six-month follow-up was added to the experimental group. The protocol was structured in four sessions and aimed to impact on posttraumatic symptoms, posttraumatic growth, ruminative response and coping strategies. Results: An increase in posttraumatic growth, deliberate rumination, problem-focused coping, and positive reinterpretation was observed in the experimental group. In contrast, there was only a nonsignificant trend in reduced posttraumatic symptomatology and in seeking social support. Conclusions: These results contribute to the development of Brief Systemic Therapy and support its usefulness in preventive intervention with people exposed to a highly stressful event.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Stress Disorders, Traumatic/therapy
5.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 24(2): 13893, 14.06.2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1435312

ABSTRACT

Um novo coronavírus se propagou rapidamente por todo o mundo e caracterizou uma epidemia de grandes proporções. Em tempos de Covid-19, associados aos problemas de saúde física, de natureza econômica e social, encontram-se o sofrimento psíquico e os transtornos psicológicos. Nesse contexto, o presente ensaio teórico objetivou apresentar reflexões sobre o isolamento social, o medo da morte iminente e o possível aumento na incidência de transtornos de ansiedade, como o transtorno do estresse pós-traumático (Tept), e de outras sequelas mentais decorrentes da Covid-19. Observou-se que o contexto pandêmico apresenta importantes aspectos preditores de sintomas de transtornos ansiosos, assim como estudos empíricos iniciais indicaram um considerável aumento no número de pessoas com transtornos mentais associados à Covid-19 e decorrentes dela. Há uma demanda por pesquisas que explorem e apresentem dados empíricos a respeito dos efeitos da Covid-19 sobre a saúde mental da população, bem como que proponham estratégias de promoção e prevenção.


Un nuevo coronavirus se extendió rápidamente por todo el mundo y caracterizó una epidemia de grandes proporciones. En tiempos de Covid-19, asociado a problemas de salud física, económicos y sociales, hay sufrimiento psicológico y trastornos psicológicos. En este contexto, este ensayo teórico tuvo como objetivo presentar reflexiones sobre el aislamiento social, el miedo a la muerte inminente y el posible aumento en la incidencia de trastornos de ansiedad, como el trastorno de estrés postraumático (Tept), y otras secuelas mentales derivadas del Covid-19. Se observó que el contexto pandémico tiene importantes predictores de síntomas de trastornos de ansiedad, así como estudios empíricos iniciales indicaron un aumento considerable en el número de personas con trastornos mentales asociados al Covid-19 y resultantes del mismo. Existe una demanda de investigación que explore y presente datos empíricos sobre los efectos del Covid-19 en la salud mental de la población, además de proponer estrategias de promoción y prevención.


A new coronavirus spread rapidly around the world characterizing a pandemic. In times of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), associated with physical health problems, economic and social problems, there are psychological suffering and psychological disorders. In this context, this theoretical essay aims to present reflections on social isolation, fear of imminent death, and the possible increase in the incidence of anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health sequelae resulting from Covid-19. We observed that the pandemic is an important predictor of symptoms of anxiety disorders, as well as initial empirical studies indicated a considerable increase in the number of people with mental disorders resulting from Covid-19. There is a demand for research that explores and presents empirical data regarding the effects of Covid-19 on the mental health of the population, as well as proposing promotion and prevention strategies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Isolation , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Mental Disorders , Anxiety Disorders , Stress Disorders, Traumatic
6.
J. nurs. health ; 12(2): 2212222270, Abr.2022.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1415882

ABSTRACT

Objective: to analyze the relationship among compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress with the patient safety culture. Method: cross-sectional study with nurses (n = 201) from hospitals in Portugal. The Professional quality scale and the three sections of Hospital survey on patient safety culture were used to data collection. Correlation and regressions tests were implemented. Results: compassion satisfaction was positively related to four of the five patient safety culture dimensions and with the patient safety grade, while burnout had a negative relationship with all the dimensions and with the patient safety grade and secondary traumatic stress had a negative relationship with three patient safety culture dimensions. Conclusions: measures aimed at increasing compassion satisfaction and decreasing burnout and secondary traumatic stress should be implemented to improve the quality of professional life and patient safety.(AU)


Objetivo: analizar la relación entre satisfacción por compasión, burnout y estrés traumático secundario con la cultura de seguridad del paciente. Método: estudio transversal con enfermeras (n = 201) de hospitales de Portugal. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizaron la Professional quality scale y tres secciones de la Hospital survey on patient safety culture. Se implementaron pruebas de correlación y regresión. Resultados: la satisfacción por compasión se relacionó positivamente con cuatro de las cinco dimensiones de cultura de seguridad del paciente y con el grado de seguridad, mientras que burnout tuvo una relación negativa con todas las dimensiones y con el grado de seguridad y estrés traumático secundario tuvo una relación negativa con tres dimensiones. Conclusiones: se deben implementar medidas destinadas a aumentar la satisfacción por compasión y disminuir el burnout y el estrés traumático secundario para mejorar la calidad de vida profesional y la seguridad del paciente.(AU)


Objetivo: analisar a relação entre satisfação por compaixão, burnout e estresse traumático secundário com a cultura de segurança do paciente. Método: estudo transversal com enfermeiros (n = 201) de hospitais de Portugal. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a Professional quality scale e três seções do Hospital survey on patient safety culture. Testes de correlação e de regressão foram implementados. Resultados: a satisfação por compaixão foi positivamente relacionada com quatro das cinco dimensões da cultura de segurança do paciente e com o grau de segurança do paciente, enquanto o burnout teve relação negativa com todas as dimensões e com o grau de segurança do paciente e o estresse traumático secundário teve relação negativa com três dimensões. Conclusões: medidas que visem aumentar a satisfação por compaixão e diminuir o burnout e o estresse traumático secundário devem ser implementadas visando melhorar a qualidade de vida profissional e a segurança do paciente.(AU)


Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Patient Safety , Compassion Fatigue , Nurses
7.
Babcock Univ. Med. J ; 5(2): 1-11, 2022.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1400502

ABSTRACT

Background: The population of migrants all over the world is progressively rising. The major reasons for migration include the desire for self-actualization, moving to a place with more opportunities, tourism, and education, and escaping hardship and political unrest in the home country. In recent times climate change, insecurity, and economic hardship are top of the list. The global economy has suffered a major blow from the multiple waves of the lingering COVID-19 pandemic. To lessen the scourge of inflation and to restore economic stability, several countries are being forced to liberalize their immigration policies and therefore immigrants are welcomed in these nations. This review attempts to investigate how migration in the post-pandemic era affects migrants' mental health. Main Text: Migration and the COVID-19 epidemic both have beneficial and durable effects on the mental health of migrants and immigration laws have a direct impact on several health-related issues. Mental health disorders may develop at any point from the pre-migration phase to the post-migration settlement in the host nations. Factors such as host community, racism, marginalization, political climate, poor support, loss of social status, language barriers, undocumented status, climate change, mode of dressing in the host country, and several others may lead to mental health disorders among migrants. Unfortunately, there is limited access to care, and the services provided may not be culturally sensitive. Conclusion: Despite the benefits gotten from migration like financial benefits and economic development of the native country and the left behind family members, migration has enormous psychological complications which have to be attended to. Access to specialists who are trained to provide culturally sensitive interventions and implement outreach programs to introduce the services to the migrants' community should be encouraged.


Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders , Residence Characteristics , Mental Health , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , COVID-19 , Depression , Emigration and Immigration
8.
Psico USF ; 26(2): 319-332, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1287604

ABSTRACT

O Estresse Traumático Secundário caracteriza-se por um conjunto de sintomas e condutas que se manifestam após a exposição indireta ao trauma. Profissionais que cuidam de pessoas traumatizadas estão susceptíveis ao transtorno. Este estudo examinou a estrutura interna da versão brasileira do Cuestionario de Estrés Traumático Secundario. Participaram 624 profissionais da saúde, acessados on-line. Para realização das análises fatoriais, a amostra foi dividida em dois grupos. Na análise exploratória, foram retidos 12 componentes, com cargas fatoriais entre 0,312 e 0,999. Os resultados da análise confirmatória revelaram que o modelo de doze fatores para 50 itens forneceu o melhor ajuste possível para os dados (RMSEA = 0,044; IC = 10%-90%; CFI = 0,949; TLI = 0,904) e índice de consistência interna geral do modelo foi de 0,91. Esses doze fatores foram distribuídos em quatro escalas (Antecedentes, Síndrome de Trauma Secundário, Personalidade e Consequências), com índices psicométricos relativamente baixos e uma nova organização dos itens das escalas do QETS, em contraste com a versão teórica original do instrumento. Sugere-se que novos estudos psicométricos analisem as escalas do questionário, separadamente, e investiguem outras categorias profissionais, especialmente na área dos serviços de emergências, além de estudos comparativos com amostras clínicas. (AU)


Secondary Traumatic Stress is characterized by a set of symptoms and behaviors that manifest themselves after the indirect exposure to the trauma. Professionals caring for traumatized people are susceptible to the disorder. This study examined the internal structure of the Brazilian version of the Cuestionario de Estrés Traumático Secundario. 624 health professionals participated, accessing the online questionnaire. To perform the factorial analysis, the sample was divided into two groups. In the exploratory analysis, 12 components were retained, with factorial loads between 0.312 and 0.999. The confirmatory analysis revealed a twelve-factor model for 50 items provided the best possible fit for the data (RMSEA = 0.044; CI = 10% -90%; CFI = 0.949; TLI = 0.904). However, at the end of the data discussion, 48 items remained in the model, and the overall internal consistency index of the model was 0.91. These twelve factors were distributed on four scales (Background, Secondary Trauma Syndrome, Personality and Consequences), with relatively low psychometric indices and a new organization of the items on the QETS scales in contrast to the theoretical framework in the the original instrument. It is suggested that new psychometric studies analyze the scales of the questionnaire separately and investigate other professional categories, especially in the area of emergency services and comparative studies with clinical samples. (AU)


El estrés traumático secundario se caracteriza por un conjunto de síntomas y conductas que se manifiestan después de la exposición indirecta al trauma. Los profesionales que cuidan a las personas traumatizadas son susceptibles al trastorno. Este estudio examinó estructura interna de la versión brasileña del Cuestionario de Estrés Traumático Secundario. Participaron 624 profesionales de la salud, accediendo al cuestionario online. Para la realización de los análisis factoriales la muestra fue dividida en dos grupos. En el análisis exploratorio, se retuvieron 12 componentes, con cargas factoriales entre 0.312 y 0.999. El análisis confirmatorio reveló que el modelo de doce factores para 50 ítems proporcionó el mejor ajuste posible para los datos (RMSEA = 0.044; IC = 10% -90%; CFI = 0.949; TLI = 0.904). Sin embargo, al final de la discusión de los datos quedaron 48 ítems en el modelo. El índice de consistencia interna general del modelo fue de 0,91. Estos doce factores se distribuyeron en cuatro escalas (Antecedentes, Síndrome de Trauma Secundario, Personalidad y Consecuencias), con índices psicométricos relativamente bajos y una nueva organización de los ítems en las escalas QETS, en contraste con la versión teórica original del instrumento. Se sugiere que nuevos estudios psicométricos analizan las escalas del cuestionario por separado e investiguen otras categorías profesionales, especialmente en el área de los servicios de emergencias y estudos comparativos con amostras clínicas. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Health Personnel/psychology , Stress Disorders, Traumatic/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical
9.
Femina ; 49(12): 699-704, 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358207

ABSTRACT

A perda gestacional de repetição (PGR) é definida classicamente como três perdas consecutivas antes de 20 semanas de gestação. Ela afeta aproximadamente 3% dos casais que tentam conceber, quando se consideram pelo menos duas perdas, e cerca de 1%, quando acima de três perdas. A PGR está associada a diferentes fatores causais. Algumas mulheres não terão nenhuma anormalidade identificável nos protocolos investigativos atuais. O aborto pode causar doenças mentais, tais como depressão e ansiedade, e ser responsável por sentimentos como medo, raiva e culpa. Embora existam intervenções já estabelecidas para pacientes com perda gestacional com fator causal determinado, não existe nenhum tratamento comprovadamente efetivo em mulheres com perda gestacional inexplicada. O oferecimento do chamado Tender Loving Care pode levar a melhores resultados gestacionais nessas pacientes. Este artigo irá fazer uma revisão sobre os aspectos psíquicos em PGR e o cuidado suportivo que poderá ser realizado nessas pacientes.(AU)


Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is classically defined as three consecutive losses before 20 weeks of gestation. It affects approximately 3% of couples who try to conceive, when considering at least two losses, and about 1%, when considering three or more. RPL is associated with different causal factors. Some women will have no identificable abnormalities in current investigative protocols. Abortion can cause mental illness, such as depression and anxiety, and be responsible for feelings like fear, anger and guilt. Although there are interventions already established for patients with pregnancy loss with a determined causal factor, there is no proven effective treatment for women with unexplained pregnancy loss. The offer of the so-called Tender Loving Care can lead to better pregnancy results in these patients. This article will review the psychic aspects of recurrent pregnancy losses and the supportive care that can be performed in these patients.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Habitual/psychology , Abortion, Habitual/therapy , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Stress, Psychological/therapy , Clinical Protocols , Stress Disorders, Traumatic/psychology , Stress Disorders, Traumatic/therapy , Depression/psychology , Depression/therapy , Patient Health Questionnaire
10.
Psicol. rev. (Belo Horizonte) ; 26(2): 721-736, maio-ago. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1507222

ABSTRACT

Este artigo propõe-se pensar a especificidade da clínica com refugiados com base no uso da língua de acolhimento por parte do analisando e seus destinos na transferência. Mais especificamente, visa-se a pensar como o encontro com língua do analista, pelo enlace transferencial, pode engajar o sujeito em um movimento de ida e vinda entre sua língua de origem e a de acolhimento, que promova a desintoxicação dos conteúdos traumáticos operada pela sua transcrição em outra espacialidade psíquica; hipótese clínica que nomeia este artigo. Para tanto, propõe-se a revisão teórica do termo "tradução" na bibliografia psicanalítica, notadamente a partir da obra inédita no Brasil de Janine Altounian, atentando ao "papel tradutor" que a transferência opera ante episódios traumáticos não metabolizados pelo psiquismo. A seguir, uma vinheta clínica é utilizada para ilustrar os debates teóricos suscitados.


This paper aims to think about the specificity of a clinic with refugees based on the use of the host language from the patient and the destinations in the transference. More specifically, it's argued how the encounter with the language of the analyst, through the transferential bond, can engage one in a movement of coming and going between its original language and the host’s, that promotes the detoxification of the traumatic contents operated by its transcription in another psychic spatiality; clinical hypothesis that names this paper. Therefore, the theoretical revision of the term "translation" in the psychoanalytical bibliography is proposed, notably from the unpublished work in Brazil by Janine Altounian, paying attention to the "translating role" that the transference operates on traumatic episodes not metabolized by the psyche. A clinical vignette is then used to illustrate the theoretical discussions.


Este artículo se propone pensar la especificidad de la clínica con refugiados a partir de la utilización de la lengua del país huésped por el analizando y sus destinos en la transferencia. Más específicamente, el objetivo es pensar cómo el encuentro con la lengua del analista, a través del enlace transferencial, puede comprometer el sujeto en un movimiento de ida y vuelta entre su lengua de origen y la de acogida que promueva la desintoxicación de los contenidos traumáticos operada por su transcripción en otra espacialidad psíquica; hipótesis clínica que nombra a este artículo. Para ello, se propone una revisión teórica del término 'traducción' en la literatura psicoanalítica, notablemente a partir de la obra inédita en Brasil de Janine Altounian, teniendo en cuenta el "rol traductor" que la transferencia opera frente a episodios traumáticos no metabolizados por el psiquismo. A continuación, se usa una viñeta clínica para ilustrar los debates teóricos planteados.


Subject(s)
Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Psychoanalysis , Shelter
11.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 23(6): 512-518, nov.-dic. 2019. tab., graf.
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1051212

ABSTRACT

El trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT) tiene una importante prevalencia en la población, por lo que conocer los mecanismos psicológicos para la vulnerabilidad y el mantenimiento del trastorno es claramente relevante. Entre dichos mecanismos, se ha postulado el constructo de malestar emocional como transdiagnóstico a diversos trastornos mentales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue poner a prueba un modelo hipotético que analizaba la asociación entre tres variables pertenecientes a dicho constructo (evitación experiencial, tolerancia al malestar e intolerancia a la incertidumbre inhibitoria) y el TEPT. Participaron 328 estudiantes universitarios (74.7% mujeres y 25.3% hombres, con una media de edad de 21 años) que habían experimentado al menos un acontecimiento traumático de acuerdo con los criterios del DSM-5, quienes completaron una batería de cuestionarios. Se efectuó un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales cuyos resultados apoyaron parcialmente el modelo hipotético. La evitación experiencial mostró asociarse positiva y significativamente con la tolerancia al malestar, la intolerancia a la incertidumbre inhibitoria y los síntomas del TEPT. La tolerancia al malestar también se vinculó de forma positiva y significativa con dichos síntomas. Sin embargo, la intolerancia a la incertidumbre inhibitoria no mostró relación con esta sintomatología. En apoyo a la evidencia empírica precedente, los hallazgos de este estudio inciden en el papel de la evitación experiencial y la tolerancia al malestar como variables moderadoras de la sintomatología postraumática. Asimismo, apuntan hacia la necesidad de considerar estas variables en las intervenciones psicológicas para el tratamiento del TEPT


Post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD has an important prevalence in the population, so knowing the psychological mechanisms of vulnerability and maintenance of this disorder is clearly relevant. Among those mechanisms, the emotional distress construct has been postulated as a trans-diagnostic tool related to different mental disorders. The objective of the present study was to test a hypothetical model for the analysis of the association between three variables of this construct (experiential avoidance, distress tolerance, and inhibitory uncertainty intolerance) and PTSD. The subjects of study amounted to 328 university students (74.7% women and 25.3% men, with a median age of 21) who had experienced at least one traumatic event according to the DSM-5 criteria. They were made to complete a set of questionnaires. A structural equation analysis was carried out, with results partially coincident with the hypothetical model. Exponential avoidance showed a positive and significant association with distress tolerance, inhibitory uncertainty intolerance and PTSD symptoms. Distress tolerance was also associated with these symptoms in a positive and significant way. However, inhibitory uncertainty intolerance was not associated with this symptomatology. Following the preexisting empirical evidence, the findings of this study have an impact on the role of experiential avoidance and distress tolerance, as variables that moderate post-traumatic symptomatology. Furthermore, the findings point to the need to consider these variables in psychological interventions for the treatment of PTSD


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Stress, Psychological , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Uncertainty
12.
Ter. psicol ; 37(1): 71-80, abr. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004794

ABSTRACT

Resumen En este artículo se analiza la relación existente entre los recuerdos traumáticos y las posibles estrategias para hacerles frente. Los recuerdos traumáticos son difíciles de integrar en la biografía de las personas afectadas y pueden interferir de forma significativa en su funcionamiento social, académico y profesional. Se distingue psicopatológicamente entre los recuerdos normales y los recuerdos traumáticos. Asimismo se analizan las estrategias de afrontamiento adaptativas, tales como la evitación cognitiva, la exposición terapéutica a los recuerdos traumáticos o la capacidad de perdón. Pero también hay un afrontamiento inadaptativo (nostalgia, sentimientos de odio y de venganza o conductas autodestructivas) que puede dar cuenta de las dificultades de recuperación en algunos pacientes. Por último, se examinan las estrategias de regulación emocional cognitiva y el papel de la resiliencia y del crecimiento postraumático para afrontar los recuerdos traumáticos. Se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para investigaciones futuras en esta área.


Abstract In this paper the relationship between traumatic memories and coping skills to deal with them is analyzed. Traumatic memories are difficult to be integrated into the survivor's life story and can significantly interfere with social, educational and occupational functioning. From a psychopathological point of view, a distinction between normal and traumatic memories is made. Adaptive coping skills to deal with traumatic memories, such as cognitive avoidance, therapeutic exposure to traumatic memories or forgiveness, are analyzed. But there is also maladaptive coping, such as nostalgia, hate and revenge feelings or self-destructive behaviors, which should be taken into account to explain the difficulties of recovery in some patients. Finally, the cognitive emotion regulation strategies and the role of resiliency and post-traumatic growth in some patients to cope with traumatic memories are examined. Implications of this study for future research in this field are commented upon.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adaptation, Psychological , Stress Disorders, Traumatic/therapy , Memory , Mental Recall
13.
S. Afr. j. psychiatry (Online) ; 25: 1-6, 2019. ilus
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1270883

ABSTRACT

Background: Some research seems to suggest that physical activity (PA) was beneficial for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Aim: This study examined the association between levels of PA and PTSD among individuals 15 years and above in South Africa.Setting: Community-based survey sample representative of the national population in South Africa. Methods: In all, 15 201 individuals (mean age 36.9 years) responded to the cross-sectional South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1) in 2012.Results: One in five (20.1%) of participants reported exposure to at least one traumatic event in a lifetime, and 2.1% were classified as having a PTSD, 7.9% fulfilled PTSD re-experiencing criteria, 3.0% PTSD avoidance criteria and 4.3% PTSD hyperarousal criteria. Almost half (48.1%) of respondents had low PA, 17.4% moderate PA and 34.5% high PA. In logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, population group, employment status, residence status, number of trauma types, problem drinking, current tobacco use, sleep problems and depressive symptoms, high PA was associated with PTSD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75, confidence interval [CI] = 1.11­2.75), PTSD re-experiencing symptom criteria (OR = 1.43, CI = 1.09­1.86) and PTSD avoidance symptom criteria (OR = 1.74, CI = 1.18­2.59), but high PA was not associated with PTSD hyperarousal symptom criteria. In generalised structural equation modelling, total trauma events had a positive direct and indirect effect on PTSD mediated by high PA, and high PA had a positive indirect effect on PTSD, mediated by psychological distress and problem drinking.Conclusion: After controlling for relevant covariates, high PA was associated with increased PTSD symptomatology


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise , South Africa , Stress Disorders, Traumatic
14.
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association ; : 245-251, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-765203

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Patients with an infectious diseases during an outbreak can experience extreme fear and traumatic events in addition to suffering from their medical illness. This study examined the long-term impact of the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in Korea, 2015 on the mental health of the survivors. METHODS: Sixty-three survivors from MERS were recruited from a prospective cohort study at six hospitals one year after the outbreak in 2015. The Korean-Symptom Check List 95 was administered to evaluate their psychiatric problems and analyzed according to the patient's characteristics and exposure to traumatic events during the outbreak. RESULTS: A total of 63.5% of survivors suffered from significant psychiatric problems: post-traumatic symptoms (36.5%), sleep problems (36.5%), anxiety (34.9%), and depression (30.2%). Survivors with a history of a ventilator treatment during the MERS epidemic, a family member who died from MERS, and a past psychiatric history showed higher post traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and suicidality than people who do not have those histories. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that MERS survivors could have a high chance of adverse psychiatric consequences, even after their recovery from MERS. Exposure to traumatic events during the outbreak and premorbid individual vulnerability would affect the long-term mental health problems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anxiety , Cohort Studies , Communicable Diseases , Communicable Diseases, Emerging , Coronavirus Infections , Depression , Korea , Mental Health , Middle East , Prospective Studies , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Survivors , Ventilators, Mechanical
15.
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing ; : 46-59, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-741529

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine associations of traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with sexual autonomy and identify factors influencing sexual autonomy among female university students of North Korean defectors. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed with a total of 103 female students who completed a structured online self-report survey from January 7 to March 31, 2018. This study was conducted using questionnaires on interpersonal trauma scale, the Traumatic Scale for North Korean Refugees (TSNKR), and sexual autonomy measurement for college students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression with SPSS WIN 23.0 program. RESULTS: Traumatic events, PTSD, and sexual autonomy scores were 3.96±3.07, 31.47±10.75, and 52.66±6.89, respectively. PTSD was positively correlated with traumatic events (r=.22, p=.030). Sexual autonomy was inversely correlated with PTSD (r=−.25, p=.010). Contraceptive use, PTSD, and voluntary sexual debut explained 26% of sexual autonomy of participants. CONCLUSION: To improve sexual autonomy of young women from North Korea, reproductive intervention programs including contraception, sexual assertiveness training, and psychoeducation to reduce PTSD need to be developed and implemented.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Assertiveness , Contraception , Democratic People's Republic of Korea , Linear Models , Personal Autonomy , Refugees , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Stress Disorders, Traumatic
16.
Acta colomb. psicol ; 21(1): 217-248, Jan.-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-886326

ABSTRACT

Resumo A preparação infantil para a cirurgia é foco de atenção da equipe de saúde pelo potencial traumático dos procedimentos cirúrgicos e por ser fonte de estresse e ansiedade na infância. O impacto de três preparações psicológicas pré-cirúrgicas sobre o estresse e a ansiedade de crianças submetidas a cirurgias eletivas foi avaliado. A amostra foi composta por 80 crianças de um hospital infantil, a qual foi dividida em dois blocos de 40 sujeitos de acordo com o sexo e alocados aleatoriamente num dos quatro grupos: controle, preparação por informações verbais, preparação por jogo com kit de preparação ou preparação por vídeo informativo. O estresse e a ansiedade foram mensurados por meio da Escala de Stress Infantil (ESI) e do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (Idate-c). A intervenção foi implementada em três etapas distintas: (a) aplicação da ESI e do Idate-c antes da preparação, no dia anterior a cirurgia; (b) a preparação propriamente dita nos grupos submetidos aos diferentes programas de preparação, também no dia anterior, e (C) a reaplicação da ESI e do Idate-c no dia da cirurgia. Os dados foram analisados por meio de equações de regressão simultâneas, e as estimativas são apresentadas em termos de diferença média padronizada e erro-padrão. Os resultados permitem inferir que a preparação com o vídeo reduziu o estresse (Tvídeo1= -38 ± .18) e a ansiedade (Tvídeo2 = - .54 ± .27), especialmente entre os meninos (TvídeoM1 = - .66 ± .25; TvídeoM2 = - .71 ± .38). Implicações práticas para a preparação psicológica das crianças em situação pré-cirúrgica e limitações da pesquisa são discutidas.


Resumen La preparación infantil para una cirugía es el centro de atención del equipo de salud debido al potencial traumático de los procedimientos quirúrgicos y debido a que es una fuente de estrés y ansiedad en la infancia. En la presente investigación se evaluó el impacto de tres formas de preparación psicológica prequirúrgica ante el estrés y la ansiedad de los niños sometidos a cirugía electiva. La muestra estuvo constituida por 80 niños de un hospital infantil, divididos en dos bloques de 40 sujetos según el sexo, y asignados al azar a uno de cuatro grupos: control, preparación a través de información verbal, preparación a través de juego con el kit de preparación, o preparación a través de video informativo. Se utilizó la Escala de Estrés Infantil (ESI) y el Inventario Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo para niños (STAIC) para medir el estrés y la ansiedad de los niños. La intervención se llevó a cabo en tres etapas distintas: (a) aplicación del ESI y el STAIC antes de la preparación, el día anterior a la cirugía; (b) preparación propiamente dicha en los grupos de los diferentes programas de preparación el día anterior; y (C) reaplicación del ESI-C y el STAIC el día de la cirugía. El análisis de los datos se hizo mediante ecuaciones de regresión simultáneas y las estimaciones se presentan por medio de la diferencia entre medias estandarizada y de la desviación estándar. Los resultados permiten inferir que la preparación con video redujo el estrés (Tvideo1 = -.38 ± .18) y la ansiedad (Tvideo2 = -.54 ± .27), especialmente en los niños (TvideoMl = -.66 ± .25; TvideoM2 = -.71 ± .38). Al final se discuten las implicaciones prácticas para la preparación psicológica de los niños en situación prequirúrgica y las limitaciones de la investigación.


Abstract Child preparation for surgery is a focus of attention of health teams due to the traumatic potential of surgical procedures and for being a source of stress and anxiety in childhood. The impact of three pre-surgical psychological preparations on stress and anxiety of children undergoing elective surgery were evaluated. The sample consisted of 80 children from a children's hospital, divided into two blocks of 40 subjects according to gender and randomly assigned to one of four groups: control, preparation by verbal information, preparation by game and preparation kit or preparation by informational video. Stress and anxiety were measured using the Escala de Stress Infantil (ESI) (Child Stress Scale) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC). The intervention was implemented in three distinct stages: a) application of ESI and STAIC before preparation, the day before surgery; b) actual preparation, in groups submitted to different preparation programs, also on the previous day; and c) reapplication of ESI and STAIC on the day of surgery. Data were analyzed using simultaneous regression equations, and estimates are presented in terms of standardized mean difference and standard error. Results allow to infer that preparation by video reduced stress (Tvideo1 = -0.38±0.18) and anxiety (Tvideo2 = -0.54±0.27), especially among boys (TvideoM1 = -0.66±0.25; TvideoM2 = -0.71±0.38). Practical implications for the psychological preparation of children in pre-surgical situations and the limitations of this study are discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , General Surgery , Preparation Scales , Stress Disorders, Traumatic
17.
Rev. Bras. Psicoter. (Online) ; 20(1): 81-94, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1051219

ABSTRACT

As técnicas de exposição foram as mais desenvolvidas no estudo do tratamento do Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático nos últimos anos. Porém, exposições ao vivo e através da imaginação apresentam importantes limitações, como a impossibilidade de expor o indivíduo a determinados eventos, dificuldade de acesso emocional às memórias traumáticas e importantes taxas de desistência durante o tratamento. A Terapia de Exposição Virtual tem se mostrado eficaz no tratamento do Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático, mas apresenta desafios para sua operacionalização. Esta revisão se propôs a avaliar as vantagens e desvantagens do uso da Terapia de Exposição Virtual para o Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático. Foram encontradas vantagens em relação à motivação para o tratamento, capacidade de engajamento emocional e controle do terapeuta sobre os estímulos associados ao trauma.Os custos e a necessidade de especialistas em programação são desvantagens importantes. São encontradas também contra indicações médicas e psiquiátricas.Os avanços tecnológicos têm diminuído desvantagens facilitando o uso e a criação de novos cenários virtuais, porém,sem eliminá-las por completo. (AU)


Exposure procedures were the most developed techniques in the study of treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in recent years. Nonetheless, imaginary and in vivo exposures present important limitations, such as the impossibility of exposing individuals to certain type of events, the difficulty in accessing emotions related to the traumatic memories and elevated dropoutrates during treatment. The Virtual Exposure Therapy has proven to be effective in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder treatment, however there are challenges to its implementation. This review aims at evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the use of Virtual Exposure Therapy in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Results lead to conclusions that Virtual Exposure Therapy has advantagesregarding motivation fortreatment, emotional engagement, and therapist's control over the stimuli associated to the trauma. The costs and the need for programming experts are major disadvantages. There are also medical and psychiatric contraindications. Technological advances facilitate the use and creation of new virtual scenarios, reducing the disadvantages but without eliminating them. (AU)


Subject(s)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Stress Disorders, Traumatic
19.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 19: e33087, jan. - dez. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-979713

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: compreender as estratégias de confronto utilizadas pelos enfermeiros para lidar com a morte inesperada em pediatria. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa com seis profissionais de enfermagem que trabalham em serviços de urgência e cuidados intensivos pediátricos. Procedeu-se a analise de conteúdo. Resultados: dos dados emergiram dois grupos: Estratégias centradas na avaliação da situação em que os profissionais tentam, através de processos racionais, compreender e aceitar a morte inesperada; estratégias centradas na gestão emocional, em que é reconhecido o sofrimento resultante do confronto com a morte inesperada, procurando estratégias de melhor gestão desse confronto. Conclusão: os profissionais sofrem e procuram mecanismos de confronto para gerir o processo de luto com a morte inesperada de criança/adolescente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Pediatric Nursing , Death , Stress Disorders, Traumatic
20.
Experimental Neurobiology ; : 200-209, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-714908

ABSTRACT

Radix Polygalae (RP) has been used to relieve psychological stress in traditional oriental medicine. Recently, cell protective, antiamnestic and antidepressant-like effects were disclosed but the possible application of RP to post-traumatic stress disorder, in which exaggerated fear memory persists, has not yet been explored. For this purpose, the effects of RP on fear behavior was examined in a mouse model of single prolonged stress and conditioned fear (SPS-CF), previously shown to mimic key symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Male mice received daily oral dose of RP extract or vehicle during the SPS-CF procedure. Then fear-related memory (cohort 1, n=25), non-fear-related memory (cohort 2, n=38) and concentration-dependent effects of RP on fear memory (cohort 3, n=41) were measured in 3 separate cohort of animals. Also working memory and anxiety-like behaviors were measured in cohort 1. RP-treated SPS-CF mice exhibited attenuated contextual but not cued freezing and no impairments in the working memory and spatial reference memory performances relative to vehicle-treated SPS-CF controls. RP-treated SPS-CF and naive mice also demonstrated no difference in anxiety-like behavior levels relative to vehicle-treated SPS-CF and naive controls, respectively. In the hippocampus of SPS-CF mice, expression of BAG1, which regulates the activity of GR, was decreased, whereas RP increased expression of BAG1 in naïve and SPS-CF mice. These results suggest that RP exerts some symptomatic relief in a mouse with exaggerated fear response. RP and its molecular components may thus constitute valuable research targets in the development of novel therapeutics for stress-related psychological disorders.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Anxiety , Cohort Studies , Freezing , Hippocampus , Medicine, East Asian Traditional , Memory , Memory, Short-Term , Polygala , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Stress, Psychological
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